LlBRART 
fTATE  PLANT  BOARl 


Technical  Series,  No.  11. 

U.  S.  DEPARTMENT   OF  AGRICULTURE, 

BXJRE^XJ   OF   ENTOlMOLOa-^^. 

L.  0.  HOWARD,  Entomologist  and  Chief-of  Bureau.    ■■ 


A  CLASSIFICATION  OF  THE  MOSQUITOES  OF 
NORTH  AND  MIDDLE  AMERICA. 


PREPARED  UNDER  THE   DIRECTION   OF  THE   ENTOMOLOGIST 
BY 

D.  \V.  COQUILLETT, 

Assififant  EntomologiM. 


WASHINGTON: 

C    n  GOVERNMENT    PRINTING    OFFICE. 


1906 


B  UREA  U  OF  ENTOMOLOG  Y. 

L.  O.  HowAKD,  Entomologist  and  Chief  of  Bureau. 

C.  L.  Marlatt,  Entomologist  and  Acting  Chief  in  absence  of  Chief. 

R.  S.  Clifton,  Chief  Clerk. 

F.  H.  CniTTENDEN,  iu  charge  of  breeding  experiments. 
A.  D.  Hopkins,  in  charge  of  forest  insect  investigations. 
W.  D.  Hunter,  in  charge  of  cotton  boll  weevil  investigations. 

F.  M.  Webster,  v7i  charge  of  cereal  and  forage-plant  insect  investigations. 
A.  L.  QuAiNTANCE,  iu  charge  of  deciduous-fruit  insect  investigations. 
Frank  Benton,  m  charge  of  apicultnral  iyivestigations. 

E.  A.  ScHAVARZ,  D.  W.  CoQUiLLErr,  Tii.  Pergande,  Nathan  Banks,  Assistant  Ento- 
mologists. 

E.  S.  G.  Titus,  August  Bubck,  Otto  Heidemann,  A.  N.  Caudell,  R.  V.  Currie,  J.  (J. 
Sanders,  F.  D.  Couden,  E.  R,  Sasscer,  J.  H.  Beattie,  I.  J.  Condit,  Assistants. 

R.  C.  Altiiouse,  W.  F.  Tastet,  Mary  G.  Crampney,  A.  J.  Leister,  E.  C.  Wood, 
T,  A.  Keleiier,  Jessie  E.  Marks,  Stenographers  and  Clerks. 

Lillian  L.  Howenstein,  Artist. 

Mabel  Colcord,  Librarian. 

H.  E.  Bueke,  W.  F.  Fiske,  J.  L.  Webb,  J.  F.  Strauss,  engaged  in  forest  insect  investi- 
gations. 

W.  E.  Hinds,  A.  W.  Morrill,  Springer  Goes,  J.  C.  Crawford,  W.  A.  Hooker, 
W.  W.  YoTUERS,  A.  C.  Morgan,  W.  D.  Pierce,  F.  C.  Bisiiopp,  C.  R.  Jones, 
F.  C.  Pratt,  C.  E.  Sanborn,  J.  D.  Mitchell,  Wilmon  Newell,  J.  B.  Garrett, 
C.  W.  Flynn,  engaged  in  cotton  boll  weevil  investigations. 

G.  I.  Reeves,  W.  J.  Phillips,  engaged  in  cereal  and  forage-plant  insect  investigations. 
Fred  Johnson,  A.  A.  Girault,  A.  H.  Rosenfeld,  engaged  in  deciduous-fruit  insect 

investigations. 
E.  F.  Phillips,  J.  M.  Rankin,  Leslie  Martin,  engaged  in  apicultural  investigations. 
C.  J.  GiLLiss,  W.  A.  Keleiier,  Marie  Rey,  Mabel  F.  Clayton,  engaged  in  silk 

investigations. 


Technical  Series,  No.  11. 

U.  S.  DEPARTMENT   OF   AGRICULTURE, 

BXJREAXJ   OF   EiSTTOZVLOLOGY. 

L.  0.  HOWARD,  Entomologist  and  Chief  of  Bureau. 


A  CLASSIFICATION  OF  THE  MOSQUITOES  OF 
NORTH  AND  MIDDLE  AMERICA. 


PREPARED   UNDER   THE   DIRECTION   OF   THE   ENTOMOLOGIST 


D.  W.  COQUILLETT, 

AssiMant  Entomologist. 


WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMENT     PRINTING     OFFICE, 
1906. 


LETTER  OF  TRANSMITTAL. 


U.  8.  Department  of  Agriculture, 

Bureau  of  Entomology, 

Washington,  D.  (7.,  March  15^  1906. 
Sir:  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  a  manuscript  entitled  "A  Classifica- 
tion of  the  Mosquitoes  of  North  and  Middle  America,"  prepared  by 
Mr.  D.  W.  Coquillett,  assistant  entomologist.  The  Department  so 
frequently  receives  requests  for  information  concerning  this  subject 
from  students  of  entomolog}^  from  phj^sicians,  and  from  persons 
engaged  in  sanitary  work  that  the  desirability  of  an  explicit  publica- 
tion on  this  subject  is  ver}^  obvious.  I  therefore  urge  that  the  manu- 
script be  published  as  Technical  Series,  No.  11,  of  this  Bureau. 
Respectfully, 

L.  O.  Howard, 
Entomologist  and  Chief  of  Bureau, 
Hon.  James  Wilson, 

Secretary  of  Agriculture. 

3 


CONTENTS. 


Page 

Inlioduction 7 

Subfamilies  of  the  Culicidse 9 

Table  of  the  subfamilies 11 

Subfamily  Anophelinae 12 

Table  of  the  genera 12 

Genus  Myzomyia 12 

Genus  Anopheles 12 

Genus  Cycloleppteron 13 

Genus  Nototricha 13 

Genus  Cellia 13 

Subfamily  Megarhininse 14 

Genus  Megarhinus 14 

Subfamily  Psorophorinae 14 

Genus  Psorophora 14 

Subfamily  Culicinse 15 

Table  of  the  genera 15 

Genus  Lepidosia 16 

Genus  Janthinosoma 17 

Genus  Stegomyia 17 

Genus  Verrallina 17 

Genus  Lepidoplatys 18 

Genus  Aedes 18 

Genus  Ochlerotatus 18 

Genus  Grabhamia 21 

Genus  Lutzia 22 

Genus  Culieella 22 

Genus  Theobaldia * 22 

Genus  Culiseta 22 

Genus  Culex 23 

Genus  Melanoconion 23 

Genus  Tinolestes ^ 24 

Genus  Micraedes 24 

Genus  Isostomyia 24 

Genus  Tseniorhynchus 24 

Genus  Mansonia 25 

Genus  Aedeomyia 25 

Genus  Haemagogus 25 

Genus  Cacomyia 25 

Genus  Gymnometopa 25 

Genus  Howardina 26 

Genus  Pneumaculex r 26 

5 


6  CONTENTS. 

Subfamilies  of  the  Culicidse — Continued.  Page. 

Subfamily  Deinoceritinse 26 

Genu^  Deinocerites 26 

Subfamily  Uranotaeniin^e 26 

Genus  Uranotaenia 26 

Subfamily  Triehoprosoponinje 26 

Table  of  the  genera 26 

Genus  Trichoprosopon 27 

Genus  Wyeomyia 27 

Genus  Dendromyia 27 

Genus  Phoniomyia „ 27 

Genus  Limatus 27 

Genus  Sabethoides 27 

Genus  Sabethes 28 

Index 29 


ILLUSTRATION. 


Page. 
Fig.  1.  Wing  of  Culex pip'ieiu,  with  names  of  veins,  cells,  etc 8 


A  CLASSIFICATION  OF  THE  MOSQUITOES  OF  NORTH  AND  MIDDLE 

AMERICA. 


INTRODUCTION. 

In  the  following  pages  all  of  the  subfamilies,  genera,  and  species  of 
mosquitoes  known  at  the  present  time  to  occur  in  North  and  Middle 
America  are  briefly  described  or  mentioned.  In  several  instances, 
where  the  species  have  been  founded  chiefl}"  upon  larval  characters, 
the  adults  have  not  been  differentiated  in  the  present  work,  owing  ta 
the  fact  that  the  cast  larval  skins  were  turned  over  to  a  second  person 
before  they  were  identified  and  associated  with  the  bred  adults.  It 
was  thought  best,  however,  to  publish  this  work  in  its  present  incom- 
plete form,  so  that  students  might  avail  themselves  of  it  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  mosquito  season.  The  greater  number  of  these 
species  were  founded  upon  one  or  two  specimens  only,  so  that  the  range 
of  variation  in  the  adult  stage  could  not  be  ascertained  by  the  original 
describers. 

During  the  summer  of  1905  Dr.  L.  O.  Howard  examined  the  type 
specimens  of  several  of  Wiedemann's  species  in  the  Natural  History 
Museum  at  Vienna,  Austria,  and  with  the  aid  of  Dr.  Anton  Handlirsch, 
supplemented  by  a  series  of  questions  by  the  writer  and  a  collection  of 
named  specimens  for  comparison,  was  able  to  gather  some  very  impor- 
tant information  in  regard  to  those  species  which  occur  in  North  and 
Middle  America.  The  museum  collection  was  found  to  be  in  good 
condition,  and  type  specimens  were  indicated  by  red  labels.  Follow- 
ing is  a  list  of  the  species  examined,  with  the  results  obtained  by 
Doctor  Howard: 

Anopheles  albimanus.  The  type  agreed  well  with  specimens  of  Anopheles  albipes 
Theobald. 

Anopheles  crucians.     The  writer  had  correctly  identified  this  species. 

Anopheles  ferruginosus.  This  was  not  a  new  species  but  simply  a  change  of  name  for 
Culex  quinquefasciatus  of  Say.  It  is  represented  in  the  Vienna  museum  by  four  spec- 
imens of  a  Culex;  this  is  in  perfect  accord  with  Say's  statement  that  the  legs  of  this 
species  are  much  shorter  than  those  of  Anopheles  punctlpennis.  His  other  statement, 
namely,  that  it  was  an  exceedingly  numerous  and  troublesome  species  on  the  Miss- 
issippi River  in  May,  considered  in  connection  with  the  characters  and  measurements 
given  in  the  descriptions  of  both  Say  and  Wiedemann,  seem  to  indicate  that  it  can 
be  no  other  than  the  common  and  widespread  Culex  pipiens. 

7 


8 


CLASSIFICATION    OF   MOSQUITOES. 


Culex  fatigans.  The  female  has  simple  tarsal  claws  and  the  petiole  of  the  first  sub- 
marginal  cell  is  about  one-third  as  long  as  the  cell. 

■Culex  molestus.     This  is  identical  with  Psorophora  ciliata  Fabricius. 

Culex  posticdtus.  The  type  has  the  last  two  joints  of  the  hind  feet  wholly  white; 
Janthinosoma  mu.nca  Say  is  a  synonym.  The  Janthinosoma  posticata.ot  Theobald,  in 
which  the  last  joint  of  the  hind  feet  is  white,  is  therefore  a  different  species,  for 
which  the  writer  proposes  the  name  teriiiiiialis. 

Culex  jmngens.  Three  specimens  from  New  Orleans,  La.  The  claws  are  apparently 
simple,  the  scales  of  the  wings  are  wholly  brown,  and  the  petiole  of  the  first  submar- 
ginal  cell  is  from  one-sixth  to  one-fifth  as  long  as  the  cell.  It  is  evidently  identical 
with  pipiens. 

Culex  tamiatus.  A  badly  rubbed  specimen  of  each  sex  from  Savannah,  Ga.  It  is 
synonymous  with  Stegomyia  calopus  Meigen. 

Culex  tseniorhynchus.     The  writer  had  correctly  identified  this  species. 

The  most  important  changes  resulting  from  this  critical  examination 
of  the  types  are  that  the  name  alhimanus  replaces  alhipes^  and  jposti- 
catus  takes  precedence  over  musica,  on  account  of  priority  in  the 
publication  of  the  original  descriptions. 

In  the  preparation  of  the  present  work  it  has  been  the  constant  aim 
of  the  writer  to  render  it  intelligible  to  the  average  student  and 
observer  by  dispensing  with  the  use  of  all  technical  terms  so  far  as 


HVJMER*LC«)«SVON 


Fig.  1.— Diagram  of  the  wing  of  a  mosquito  {Culex  pipiens) ,  with  names  of  veins,  cells,  etc.  (original). 

this  could  be  done  without  sacrificing  either  accuracy  or  clearness. 
A  few  terms,  however,  which  could  not  be  avoided,  will  need  an 
explanation;  these  relate  chiefly  to  the  veins  and  cells  of  the  wings, 
and  it  is  ])elieved  that  they  w^ill  be  made  plain  by  reference  to  the 
accompanying  illustration  (fig.  1).  The  petiole  of  a  cell  is  the  last 
section  of  the  vein  before  it  forks  to  form  the  cell.  The  segments  of 
the  abdomen  and  the  joints  of  the  feet  and  antennae  are  numbered  from 
the  point  of  attachment  outwardly;  thus,  the  large  bulbous  joint  of 
the  antennse  which  is  attached  to  the  head  is  the  first  joint,  the  one 
next  to  it  is  the  second,  and  so  on.  The  scutellum  is  the  semicircular 
piece  at  the  posterior  end  of  the  upper  part  of  the  thorax,  from  which 
it  is  separated  by  a  transverse  suture.  The  remaining  terms  will  no 
doubt  be  readily  understood  b}^  the  average  reader. 


SUBFAMILIES    OF    CULICID.E.  \) 

In  the  tables  of  subfainiJies  and  genera  given  on  subsequent  pages 
of  the  present  work  these  groups  are  arranged  in  their  systematic 
sequence,  but  no  attempt  of  this  kind  has  been  made  in  the  tables  of 
the  species.     In  the  lists  of  species  the  synon3mis  are  indented. 

THE  SUBFAMILIES  OF  THE  CULICID^. 

The  family  Culicida)  was  founded  by  Latreille  in  the  year  1825.  He 
did  not  consider  it  as  representing  a  higher  group  than  a  tribe.  Only 
the  long-billed  forms  were  known  to  him.  The  short-billed  forms 
were  erected  into  a  distinct  group,  Corethrinee,  equivalent  to  a  family, 
by  the  Italian  naturalist  Rondani  in  the  year  1856.  Schiner,  in  1864, 
regarded  the  Corethrinas  as  being  onl\^  a  subfamily  of  the  family 
Culicidse,  and  this  view  has  been  quite  generall}^  adopted  b}^  later 
writers.  In  the  3'ear  1883  Brauer  proposed  to  include  in  this  family 
the  genus  Dixa,  which  Schiner,  fifteen  years  previously,  had  made  the 
t3^pe  of  a  new  family,  the  Dixidse.  D^^ar,  in  1905,  proposed  to  unite 
the  Dixidae  with  the  Corethrinee,  the  two  groups  to  form  one  family, 
distinct  from  the  Culicidse. 

That  these  three  groups,  the  Dixidte,  Corethrinae,  and  Culicinse,  are 
closely  related  to  each  other  admits  of  no  doubt.  That  the  Corethrinae 
are  much  more  closely  related  to  the  Culicinae  than  they  are  to  the 
Dixidae  is  also  very  evident.  Thus  the  larva  of  the  latter  is  provided 
with  a  pair  of  fleshy  anal  prolegs,  a  structure  found  in  some  of  the 
Chironomidae,  but  never  present  in  an}^  of  the  known  larvae  of  the 
Corethrinae  nor  of  the  Culicinae.  In  the  adults  the  auxiliarj^  vein  in 
the  Dixidffi  ends  at  a  point  opposite  the  root  of  the  second  vein;  in  the 
other  two  groups  it  is  prolonged  nearly  one-half  of  its  entire  length 
bej^ond  the  root  of  the  second  vein.  In  the  Dixida^  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  wings  is  provided  with  hairs  onl}^;  in  the  other  two 
groups  it  is  fringed  with  scales.  Again,  in  the  Dixidae  the  antennae  are 
almost  bare,  and  are  similar  in  the  two  sexes;  in  the  Culicinae,  with 
a  single  exception,  and  in  the  Corethrinae  these  organs  bear  many  long 
hairs,  which,  with  few  exceptions,  are  longer  and  much  more  numer- 
ous in  the  male  than  in  the  female.  It  will  thus  be  seen  that  the 
Dixidae  are  sufficiently  distinct  to  be  maintained  as  a  separate  family. 

The  radical  difference  in  the  structure  of  the  mouth  parts  in  the 
adults  of  the  other  two  groups,  added  to  the  equally  great  difference 
in  the-food  habits  of  the  females,  renders  highly  desirable  their  sepa- 
ration into  distinct  families,  and  we  can  do  no  better  than  to  follow 
the  lead  of  Rondani  and  consider  that  the  short-billed  forms  constitute 
a  family  by  themselves,  the  Corethridae.  With  these  forms  elimi- 
nated, the  family  Culicidae  becomes  a  ver}^  homogeneous  group,  char- 
acterized by  long,  slender  antennae  composed  of  fourteen  or  fifteen 
joints;  a  greatly  elongated,  slender  proboscis;  the  presence  of  scales 

23581— No.  11—06 2 


10  CLASSIFICATION    OF    MOSQUITOES. 

on  the  wing  veins;  ten  veins  and  subdivisions  of  veins  which  reach  the 
margin  of  the  wings  and  a  vein  along  the  posterior  margin;  and  by 
the  absence- of  a  disca]  cell  and  of  spurs  at  the  apex  of  the  inner  side 
of  the  tibii^.    . 

In  the  family  C'ulicidie  as  thus  restricted  Theobald  in  the  3' ear  1901 
erected  the  following  live  subfamilies:  Anophelinre,  Megarhininte, 
Culicinse,  Aedeomyina',  and  Trichoprosoponinai.  The  Aedeomyinse 
were  separated  from  the  Culicinie  by  the  nnich  shorter  palpi  of  the 
male.  This  appeared  to  be  a  natural  division  so  long  as  there  were 
known  only  forms  wherein  the  palpi  of  the  male  in  the  one  group  are 
at  least  as  long  as  the  proboscis,  while  in  the  males  of  the  other  group 
they  are  less  than  one-fifth  of  this  length;  Init  the  recent  discovery  of 
forms  in  which  the  male  palpi  are  in  one  case  one-third  as  long  and  in 
the  other  nearly  one-half  as  long  as  the  proboscis,  greatly  weakens  the 
supposed  importance  of  this  difference  in  the  relative  length  of  the 
male  palpi.  Moreover,  both  as  regaids  the  larva  and  the  structure  of 
the  tarsal  claws  and  shape  of  the  scales  in  the  adults,  some  of  the  forms 
with  sliort  palpi  in  the  male  are  much  more  closely  related  to  species 
with  long  palpi  in  the  male  than  they  are  to  any  of  the  others  of  the 
group  with  short  palpi.  These  two  divisions  are  thus  seen  to  be 
unnatural  and  the  two  proposed  subfamilies,  namely,  Culicinae  and 
Aedeomyina\  should  therefore  be  merged  into  one. 

In  the  year  1901:  Lahille  separated  out  the  genus  Uranotsenia  as  the 
type  of  a  distinct  subfamily  which  he  named  Uranottenina,  giving  as 
its  principal  distinguishing  character  the  great  elongation  of  the  peti- 
ole of  the  first  sul)marginal  cell  and  the  conse(|uent  shortening  of  this 
cell;  the  larva  has  the  four  tufts  near  the  middle  of  the  head  repre- 
sented by  stout  spines  which  jire  covered  with  spinules.  Lutz,  in  the 
same  .year,  erected  four  supposed  new  subfamilies:  Ha^magoginae, 
Aedin{«,  Hyloconopinae,  and  Dendromjnnse:  the  first  of  these  belongs 
to  the  Culicinre  as  above  constituted,  the  second  is  a  mixture  of  three 
su])families  having  short  palpi  in  both  sexes  and  the  posterior  end  of 
the  thorax  bare,  while  th^  Hyloconopina3  and  Dendromyinae  will  fall 
as  synonyms  of  Trichoprosoponinae. 

Ver}^  recently,  in  the  early  part  of  the  present  year  (1906),  Miss  E.  G. 
Mitchell  erected  two  additional  subfamilies:  Psorophorinae  and  Deino- 
ceritinti?.  The  first  was  founded  on  tiie  genus  Psorophora^  previously 
placed  in  the  Culicinae,  but  which,  according  to  the  habits  of  the  larva, 
and  the  structure  of  its  mouth  parts,  is  much  more  closely  related  to 
the  Megarhininae.  The  second  subfamily  was  founded  on  the  genus 
Deinocerites^  which  differs  radically  from  all  the  other  members  of  the 
Culicidae,  not  only  in  the  structure  of  the  mouth  parts,  particularly 
the  mandibles,  of  the  larvae,  but  also  in  the  antennae  of  both  sexes  in 
the  adults. 


SUBFAMILIES    OF    CULICID^.  11 

The  following  table  exhibits  the  relationships  and  differences  exist- 
ing in  the  various  subfamilies  of  the  family  Culicidse  at  present  known 
to  occur  in  North  and  Middle  America;  the  latter  term,  as  employed 
by  Jordan  and  Evermann  in  their  admirable  work  on  the  fishes  of  this 
region,  is  intended  to  include  Mexico,  Central  America,  and  the  West 
Indies.  There  are  characters  in  the  eggs  and  larvae  also  which  sup- 
port the  differentiation  of  these  subfamilies,  but  these  are  not  given 
here,  since  the  larvae  will  be  considered  in  another  publication  of  this 
Bureau: 

TABLE  OF  THE  SUBFAMILIES. 

A.  Scutellum  convex  behind,  never  distinctly  three-lobed;  posterior  end  of  the  thorax 
bare;  small  crossvein  usually  situated  considerably  before 
the  root  of  the  third  vein  and  connected  with  it  by  a  stump 
of  a  vein;  claws  of  the  female  simple. 

B.  Proboscis  straight  or  almost  so;  back  of  the  head  devoid  of  broad  appressed 
scales,  but  with  many  narrow  outstanding  ones;  body  never 
with  metalescent  scales;  first  submarginal  cell  longer  than 
its  petiole;  claws  simple  in  both  sexes. 

1.   AXOPHELIN^  (p.  12) 

BB.  Proboscis  strongly  decurved;  back  of  the  head  wholly  covered  with  broad 
appressed  scales,  but  devoid  of  narrow,  outstanding  ones; 
body  covered  with  broad  appressed  metalescent  scales; 
first  submarginal  cell  less  than  half  as  long  as  its  petiole; 
some  of  the  claws  of  the  male  toothed. 

2.    MEGARHININ.E  (p.  14) 

A  A.  Scutellum  distinctly  three-lobed;  small  crossvein  usually  situated  beyond  the 
root  of  the  third  vein. 
C.  Posterior  end  of  the  thorax  bare. 

D.  First  submarginal  cell  at  least  nearly  as  long  as  its  petiole;  some  of 
the  claws  of  the  male  toothed;  thorax  never  with  metallic 
bluish  scales  arranged  in  lines  or  spots. 
E.  Second  joint  of  the  antennae  less  than  eight  times  as  long  as 
wide  in  both  sexes,  with  many  long  hairs,  longer  and  more 
numerous  in  the  male. 
F.  Femora  bearing  many  outstanding  scales;  wing  scales  narrow. 

3.    PSOROPHORIX.E  (p.  14) 

FF.  Femora  devoid  of  outstanding  scales  «.  4.  Culicix^  (p.  15) 

EE.  Second  joint  of  the  antennae  unusually  long,  in  both  sexes 

over  fourteen  times  as  long  as  wide;  antennae  in  both  sexes 

with  a  few  short  hairs  only 5.  Deinoceritin^  (p.  26) 

DD.  First  submargiual  cell  less  than  half  as  long  as  its  petiole;  claws 
simple  in  both  sexes;  thorax  with  metallic  bluish  scales 

which  form  lines  or  spots 6.  Uranot.eniin^  (p.  26) 

CC.  Posterior  end  of  the  thorax  behind  the  scutellum  bearing  several  bristles 
and  sometimes  with  a  few  scales;  claws  simple  in  both 
sexes;  antennae  similar  in  the  two  sexes,  bearing  many  long 
hairs 7.  Trichoprosoponin^  (p.  26) 

«  Except  in  the  genus  A'edeomyia,  which  has  broad  wing  scales. 


12  CLASSIFICATION    OF    MOSQUITOES. 

1.     Subfamily  ANOPHELINiE  Theobald. 

Table  of  the  Genera. 

1.  Abdomen  with  clusters  of  broad,  outstanding  scales  along  the  sides;  outstanding 

scales  on  the  veins  of  the  wings  chiefly  rather  broad 4 

Abdomen  never  with  such  clusters  of  scales 2 

2.  Outstanding  scales  on  the  veins  of  the  wings  lanceolate,  or  broader,  strongly  taper- 

ing to  their  bases 3 

Outstanding  scales  very  narrow,  linear,  very  slightly,  if  at  all,  tapering  to  their 
bases;  feet  with  white  bands.     ( Middle  America. ) Myzomyia. 

3.  Veins  of  the  wings  having  the  outstanding  scales  rather  narrow,  lanceolate;  feet 

wholly  black Anopheles. 

Veins  of  the  wings  with  many  broad,  obovate,  outstanding  scales;  feet  with  nar- 
row, indistinct  white  bands  at  the  bases  of  some  of  the  joints.  (Middle  Amer- 
ica. ) Cijcloleppteron. 

4.  Upper  side  of  thorax  and  scutellum  bearing  many  appressed  lanceolate  scales; 

outstanding  scales  on  the  veins  of  the  wings  rather  narrow,  lanceolate.     (Florida 

and  southward. ) Cellia. 

Upper  side  of  thorax  and  scutellum  with  hairs  only;  many  rather  broad,  obovate, 
outstanding  scales  on  the  veins  of  the  wings.     (Middle  America. ) 

Nototricha  n.  gen. 

Genus  MYZOMYIA  Blanchard. 

(Synonym :  Grasmi  Theobald. ) 

Wings  black-scaled  and  with  several  white-scaled  patches;  feet  black,  banded 
with  white;  thorax  gray  and  with  four  black  stripes.     (West  Indies.) 

lutzii  Theob. 

Genus  ANOPHELES  Meigen. 
(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

1.  Wings  marked  with  spots  of  dark  or  light-colored  scales 2 

Wings  unspotted;  length  of  the  head  and  body  about  3  mm barberi  Coq. 

2.  Front  margin  of  the  wings  with  a  patch  of  whitish  scales  at  a  point  about  three- 

fourths  of  the  way  from  ])ase  to  apex  of  the  wing 5 

Front  margin  of  the  wings  wholly  black-scaled 3 

3.  Sixth,  or  last,  vein  of  the  wings  wholly  black-scaled 4 

Sixth  vein  white-scaled  and  with  three  patches  of  black  scales crucians  Wied. 

4.  Hind  tibia?  yellowish-white-scaled  on  the  apical  fourth;  first  vein  of  the  wings 

with  a  patch  of  yellow  scales  before  its  middle  and  another  on  the  apex.     (Cen- 
tral America. ) eiseni  Coq. 

Hind  tibiie  narrowly  yellowish-white-scaled  at  the  extreme  apex  only,  first  and 
other  veins  with  black  scales  only maculipennis  Meig. 

5.  Scales  of  the  last  vein  of  the  wings  white,  those  at  its  apex  black;  third  vein 

white-scaled  and  with  two  patches  of  black  scales 6 

Scales  of  the  last  vein  white,  those  at  each  end  black;  third  vein  black-scaled,  the 
extreme  apex  white-scaled punctipennis  Say. 

6.  Fourth  vein  of  the  wings  black-scaled,  the  apices  of  the  forks  and  usually  also  a 

patch  at  the  cross  veins  white-scaled franciscanus  McC. 

Fourth  vein  white-scaled,  the  forks  (except  their  apices)  and  on  either  side  of 
the  cross  veins  black-scaled pseudopunctipennis  Theob. 


SUBFAMILY    ANOPHELIN^.  13 

(6)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonyms. 


barber i  Coq. 
crucians  Wied. 
eiseni  Coq. 
franciscanus  McCracken. 


maculipennis  Meig. 

annulimanus  van  der  Wulp.a 

bifurcatus  Meigen  (1804;  not  of  Linn6,  1758). 

quadrimaculatus  Say. 
pseudopunctipennis  Theob. 
punctipennis  Say. 

hyemalis  Fitch. 


(c)  Unrecognized  Species. 

bifurcatus  Linne,  nigripes  Stseger,  and  walkeri  Theobald.  These  species  are  said  to 
have  unspotted  wings,  like  barberi,  but  are  larger,  have  yellow  scales  on  the  thorax, 
etc. 

pictus  Loew.  This  species,  described  from  Asia  Minor,  was  also  recorded  from 
North  America  by  its  author,  but  he  evidently  mistook  some  other  species  for  it. 
No  specimen  of  his  species  has  been  reported  from  this  country  since  the  time  he 
published  the  statement. 

quinquefasciatus  Say  {ferruginosus  Wied.).     This  is  a  synonym  of  Culex pipiens  L. 

Genus  CYCLOLEPPTERON  Theobald. 

Thorax  with  a  velvety  black  dot  near  the  middle  of  either  side;  feet  almost  unicol- 
orous,  not  distinctly  banded;  wing  scales  chiefly  brown  or  black,  a  patch  of  yel- 
low ones  at  a  point  about  two-thirds  the  length  of  the  front  margin  and  four 

smaller  ones  at  the  apex  of  the  wing grabhami  Theob. 

(C  mediopundatus  Theob.  belongs  to  the  following  genus.) 

Genus  NOTOTRICHA,  new  genus. 

Thorax  with  a  velvety  black  dot  near  the  middle  of  either  side  and  a  larger  spot  in 
front  of  and  extending  upon  the  scutellum;  legs  brown-scaled  and  with  many 
dots  and  narrow  bands  of  light-colored  scales mediopunctata  Theob. 

Genus  CELLIA  Theobald. 

(Synonym:  Arribalzagia  Theobald.) 
(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

1.  Hind  feet  from  the  middle  of  the  second  joint  largely  or  wholly  snow-white 2 

Hind  feet  black,  mottled  with  whitish  and  with  bands  of  the  same  color  at  the 

sutures  of  the  joints maculipes  Theob. 

2.  With  a  black  band  at  the  base  of  the  last  joint  of  each  hind  ioot..albimanus  Wied. 
Without  such  a  band argyritarsis  Desv. 


{b)   List  of  the  Species  and  Synonyms. 


albimanus  Wied. 

albipes  Theob. 
cubersis  Agramonte. 
tarsimacvlatus  Goeldi. 


argyritarsis  Desv. 

albitarsis  Arrib. 
maculipes  Theob. 


«  At  my  request  Dr.  C.  Ritsema  Cz  compared  specimens  of  maculipennis  with  the 
type  of  annulimanus  in  the   Leyden  Museum,  and  informed  me  that  they   are 


identical. 


14  CLASSIFICATION    OF    MOSQUITOES. 

2.     Subfamily  MEGARHININ^  Theobald. 

(Synonym:  Li/nchiellina  Lahille. ) 

Genus  MEGARHINUS  Desvoidy. 
(Synonym:  Lynchiella  Lahille.) 

(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

1.  Feet  with  a  white  band,  at  least  on  the  hind  ones;  middle  joint  of  the  male  palpi 

with  many  yellow  scales  on  the  onter  side;  hairs  of  the  male  anlennse  long  and 

dense 2 

Feet  wholly  black  on  at  least  their  upper  side;  palpi  wholly  pnrple-scaled;  hairs 
of  the  male  antennic  rather  short  and  sparse.     (West  Indies.)  ..violaceus  Wied. 

2.  Middle  and  front  feet  wholly  black portoricensis  Roeder. 

Middle  and  usually  the  front  feet  with  a  white  band  on  each nitilus  Coq. 

[b)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonyms. 


portoricensis  Roeder. 

ferox  Walker  (not  of  Wiedemann), 
rutilus  Coq. 


violaceus  Wied. 

purpitreus  Theob. 


(c)    UNRECO(iNIZED   SpECIES. 

grandiosus  Vs'iW.,  hiemorrhoidalis  Fab.,  and  longipes  Theoh.     These  three  species 
have  been  reported  from  Mexico. 

3.     Subfamily  PSOROPHORIN^  Mitchell. 

Genus  PSOROPHORA  Desvoidy. 

(Synonym:  Chi^soconops  Goeldi.) 

(«)  Table  of  the  Species. 

1.  Abdomen  yellow  or  brownish,  its  scales  yellowish 3 

Abdomen  black,  its  scales  chiefly  purple;  upper  side  of  the  thorax  polished  black, 
usually  white-scaled  toward  the  sides 2 

2.  Front  and  middle  femora  black,  their  scales  purple  except  at  the  narrow  apex  of 

each  femur,  where  they  are  white.     ( Middle  America. ) cilipes  Fab. 

Front  and  other  femora  yellow,  yellow-scaled,  their  })road  apices  black-scaled. 

howardli  Coq. 

3.  Veins  in  the  front  half  of  the  wings,  except  toward  their  apices,  deep  yellow,  their 

scales  of  the  same  color,  scales  on  the  front  half  of  the  thorax  golden  yellow. 

( West  Indies. ) .fulva  Wied. 

Veins  and  scales  of  the  wings  wholly  brown,  scales  in  the  middle  of  the  upper 
side  of  the  thorax  golden  yellow,  those  toward  the  sides  white ciliata  Fab. 


ciliata  Fab. 

conterrens  Walk. 

molestus  Wied. 

perierrcns  Walk. 

riibidus  Desv. 
cilipes  Fab. 


(6)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonyms. 

fulva  Wied. 

flavicosta  Walk. 

ochripes  Macq. 
howardii  Coq. 


SUBFAMILY    CULICIN^.  15 

(c)  Unrecognized  Species, 
scintillans  Walk.  This  species  has  been  recorded  from  the  West  Indies. 
4.  Subfamily  CULICIN^  Theobald. 

(Synonyms:  Aedeomyin^r.  Theobald,  Hxmagoginx  Lutz.) 
Table  of  the  Genera. 

1.  Claws  of  the  female  toothed  on  at  least  the  front  and  middle  feet;  some  of  the 

claws  of  the  male  also  toothed 4 

Claws  of  the  female  simple 2 

2.  Palpi  of  the  male  at  least  three-fourths  as  long  as  the  proboscis 10 

Palpi  of  the  male  at  most  only  one-half  as  long  as  the  proboscis.     (Middle 

America. ) 3 

3.  Head  posteriorly  with  very  narrow^  scales  and  with,  a  patch  of  broad  ones  on 

each  side 18 

Head  sparsely  or  densely  covered  with  broad  scales  posteriorly 21 

4.  Scales  along  the  sides  of  the  iipi)er  surface  of  the  thorax  narrow,  almost  linear, 

legs  never  with  outstanding  scales 6 

Scales  along  the  sides  of  the  upper  surface  of  the  thorax  chiefly  rather  broad, 
obovate,  hind  part  of  the  head  with  many  similar  scales  scattered  about 5 

5.  Legs  devoid  of  outstanding  scales Lepidosia. 

Legs  bearing  many  outstanding  scales,  at  least  on  the  hind  feet,  all  feet  black, 

the  hind  ones  alone  partly  white Janthinosoma. 

6.  Back  part  of  the  head  densely  covered  with  Ijrcjad,  appressed  scales  except  some- 

times a  narrow  stripe  in  the  middle 7 

Back  part  of  the  head  sparsely  covered  with  narrow,  almost  linear  scales  and 
with  a  patch  of  broad  ones  on  each  side 8 

7.  Clypeus  bearing  several  scales  or  hairs,  scutellum  with  broad  scales  only. 

Stegomyia. 
Clypeus  bare,  scutellum  with  narrow  scales  only.     (Middle  America. ) . .  Verrcdlina. 

8.  Wing  veins  having  the  outstanding  scales  narrow,  lanceolate,  only  slightly  taper- 

ing to  the  base 9 

Wing  veins  having  many  very  broad  outstanding  scales  which  t^per  strongly  to 
their  bases;  several  of  the  scales  are  hollowed  out  at  their  apices. 

Lepidoplatys. 

9.  Palpi  of  the  male  less  than  one-fourth  as  long  as  the  proboscis Aedes. 

Palpi  of  the  male  about  as  long  as  the  proboscis Ochlerotatus. 

10.  Head  densely  covered  behind  with  broad,  appressed  scales,  except  a  narrow 

stripe  in  the  middle,  or  else  the  thorax  has  six  lines  of  silvery  scales 23 

Head  bearing  narrow,  almost  linear  appressed  scales  behind  and  with  a  patch  of 
broad  ones  on  each  side;  thorax  never  with  lines  of  silvery  scales 11 

11.  Outstanding  scales  on  the  veins  behind  the  first  one  narrow  and  of  nearly  a  uni- 

form width 12 

Outstanding  scales  on  at  least  the  apical  half  of  the  wings  broad,  considerably 
narrowed  at  their  bases 17 

12.  Feet  white  at  each  end  of  some  of  the  joints,  or  else  wholly  black,  in  which  case 

the  abdomen  is  wholly  black-scaled,  or  else  it  has  cross  bands  of  light-colored 

scales .♦.  13 

Feet  white  at  the  bases  only  of  some  of  the  joints,  or  else  wholly  black,  in  which 
case  the  abdomen  is  black-scaled  and  with  the  front  corners  of  some  of  the 
isegments  white-scaled Grabhamia. 


16  CLASSIFICATION    OF    MOSQUITOES. 

13.  Costa  of  the  wings  not  spotted 14 

Costa  black-scaled  and  with  three  large  spots  of  pale  yellow  scales.      (Middle 

America. ) Lutzia. 

14.  Thorax  with  two  distinct  bare  stripes  near  the  middle  of  the  upper  side;  hind 

cross  vein  at  least  it^^  own  length  from  the  small  cross  vein Calicella. 

Thorax  without  bare  stripes 15 

15.  Scales  of  the  wings  collected  into  spots;  hind  cross  vein  much  less  than  its  length 

from  the  small  cross  vein Theobaldia. 

Scales  of  the  wings  uniformly  distributed 16 

16.  Hind  cross  vein  much  less  than  its  own  length  from  the  small  cross  vein.  Culiseta. 
Hind  cross  vein  situated  at  least  nearly  its  own  length  from  the  small  cross 

vein Culex. 

17.  Basal  half  of  the  wings  having  the  outstanding  scales  of  the  veins  narrow  and 

almost  linear;  proboscis  wholly  black yManoconion. 

Basal  half  of  the  wings  having  many  broad,  outstanding  scales  on  the  veins.  20 

18.  Wing  veins  having  the  outstanding  scales  narrow,  almost  linear 19 

Wing  veins  having  the  outstanding  scales  rather  broad,  oblanceolate;  palpi  of  the 

male  almost  one-half,  those  of  the  female  less  than  one-fifth,  as  long  as  the  pro- 
boscis   Tinolestes. 

19.  Pal})i  in  both  sexes  about  one-third  as  long  as  the  proboscis Micraedes. 

Palpi  in  both  sexes  less  than  one-fifth  as  long  as  the  proboscis . Isostomyia  n.  gen. 

20.  The  out'^tanding  scales  on  the  veins  of  the  wings  only  moderately  broad,  over 

twice  as  long  as  Inroad,  their  apices  rounded;  proljoscis  and  feet  usually  with 

light-colored  bands Dniiorliynclms. 

The  outstanding  scales  chiefiy  unusually  broad,  their  apices  flat  or  hollowed 
out Mansoma. 

21.  Out^'^itanding  scales  on  the  wing  veins  unusually  broad;    femora  toward   their 

apices  bearing  several  elongate,  outstanding  scales;  body  devoid  of  blue  scales. 

A'i'deomyia. 
Outstanding  scales  on  the  wing  veins  narrow,  almost  linear,  legs  devoid  of  out- 
standing scales,  head  and  body  chiefly  blue  s(;aled 22 

22.  Base  of  the  first  submarginal  cell  nearer  to  the  base  of  the  wing  than  is  that  of 

the  second  posterior  cell;  palpi  of  the  male  less  than  one-fifth  as  long  as  the 
proboscis,  the  abdomen  bearing  only  a  few  hairs  on  the  under  side  of  the  penul- 
timate segment Hicmagogus. 

Base  of  the  first  submarginal  cell  noticeably  nearer  to  the  apex  of  the  wing  than 
is  the  base  of  the  second  posterior  cell ;  ])alpi  of  the  male  about  one-half  as  long 
as  the  pr()])oscis;  abdomen  of  the  male  with  a  large  cluster  of  outstanding, 

l)lunt  spines  on  the  under  side  of  the  penultimate  segment Oicomyia  n.  gen. 

2.3.  Scutellum  beaiing  both  broad  and  narrow  scales;  head  behind  covered  with 
broad  appressed  scales  except  a  median  stripe  of  rather  narrow  ones;  outstand- 
ing scales  on  the  wing  veins  narrow.     (Middle  America. ) Gymnometopa. 

Scutellum  with  narrow  scales  only 24 

24.  Back  of  the  head  covered  with  broad  appressed  scales  except  a  median  stripe  of 
rather  narrow  ones;  outstanding  scales  on  the  wing  veins  narrow.  (Middle 
America. ) Ilowardina. , 

Back  of  the  head  with  narrow  scales  only;  many  rather  broad,  outstanding 
scales  on  the  wing  veins Pneumaculex. 

Genus  LEPIDOSIA  Coquillett. 

Our  two  species  have  the  scales  of  the  abdomen  deep  blue,  except  those  of  the  first 
segment  and  a  broad,  usually  interrupted  band  on  the  apices  of  the  other  seg- 
ments, which  are  pale  yellow  or  whitish. 

Hind  feet  wholly  black n/anescens  Coq. 

Hind  feet  black,  the  last  joint  white mexicana  Bell. 


SUBFAMILY    CQLICIN^. 


17 


Genus  JANTHINOSOMA  Arribalzaga. 

(Synonym:   Conchyliastes  Theobald.) 

(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

Last  two  joints  of  the  feet  wholly  white 3 

Last  joint  largely  or  wholly  black,  the  preceding  joint  chiefly  white 2 

Scales  on  the  upper  side  of  the  thorax  yellow varipes  Coq. 

Scales  brown,  those  toward  the  sides  yellow discrucians  Walk. 

Upper  side  of  the  thorax  yellow-scaled  and  with  a  broad  stripe  of  brown  scales  in 

the  middle lutzii  Theob. 

Upper  side  of  the  thorax  wholly  yellow-scaled posticata  Wied. 

(6)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonyms. 


posticata  Wiedemann  (not  of  Theobald). 

musica  Say. 
varipes  Coq. 

johnstonii  Grabham. 


discrucians   Walker    (not  of  Giles  and 
Theobald)." 
arribalzagse  Giles. 
lutzii  Theob. 

albitarsis  Neveu-Lemaire  (not  of  Theobald). 
discrucians    Giles    and    Theobald     (not    of 
Walker). 

(c)  Unrecognized  Species. 

terminalis  Coquillett  (posticata  Theobald,  not  of  Wiedemann) ,  was  described  from 
St.  Lucia,  W.  Ind.,  and  differs  from  all  of  the  other  species  in  that  the  last  joint  only 
of  the  hind  feet  is  white. 

Genus  STEGOMYIA  Theobald. 

(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

Thorax  marked  with  a  pair  of  curved  silvery  stripes  forming  a  figure  which  some- 
what resembles  a  lyre;  proboscis  unicolorous  black,  feet  black  and  with  white 
bands  at  the  bases  of  some  of  the  joints calopus  Meig. 

(6)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonyms. 

calopus  Meig.  calopus  Meig — Continued. 

annulitarsis  Macq.  konoupi  Brulle. 

bancroftii  Skuse.  luciensis  Theob. 

elegans  Ficalbi.  mosquito  Desv. 

exagitans  Walk.  queenslandensis  Theob. 

excitans  Walk.  rossii  Giles. 

fasciata  Fab.  tueiiiatus  Wied. 

formosa  Walk,  .  toxorhijnchus  Macq. 

frater  De&v.  viridifrons  Walk. 

impatibilis  Walk.  zonatipes  Walk. 
inexorabilis  Walk. 

{S.  sexlineata  Theob.  belongs  to  the  genus  Gymnometopa.) 
Genus  VERKALLINA  Theobald. 

Upper  side  of  the  thorax  black-scaled,  the  sides  in  front  of  the  wings  white-scaled. 

insolita  Coq. 
Upper  side  of  the  thorax  wholly  whitish-scaled laternaria  Coq. 

«  The  form  referred  to  this  species  by  these  two  authors  has  the  entire  apex  of  the 
hind  feet  wholly  white,  whereas  in  his  original  description  Walker  expressly  states, 
both  in  the  Latin  diagnosis  and  in  the  English  description,  that  there  is  only  a  sub- 
apical  white  band  in  discrucians,  the  remainder  of  the  feet  being  purple. 


18  CLASSIFICATION    OF    MOSQUITOES. 

Genus  LEPIDOPLATYS  Coquillett. 

(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

Scales  of  the  wiijgs  mixed  brown  and  white;  feet  with  broad  white  bands  at  the  bases 
of  some  of  the  joints,  tibiae  not  distinctly  banded squamiger  Coq. 

(b)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonymy. 
squamiger  Coq. 

deniedmannii  Ludlow. 

Genus  a£D£S  Wiedemann. « 

Upper  side  of  the  thorax  golden-yellow  sealed;  abdomen  black-scaled  and  with  a 

band  of  yellow  scales  at  the  bases  of  the  segments;  feet  unicolorous  black. 

fusciis  O.  S. 
{A.  sriiiUiii  belongs  to  Wyeomyla.) 

Genus  OCHLEROTATUS  Arribalzaga. 

(Synonyms:  CuHcada  Felt,  Cidicclsa  Felt,  Eccidex  Felt,  Protoculex  Felt,  Pseudoculex 
Dyar. ) 

(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

1.  Ground  color  of  the  thorax  bright  yellow;  the  scales  and  bristles  of  the  head 

and  thorax  wholly  yellow 2 

Ground  color  of  the  thorax  brown  <jr  black 3 

2.  With  an  ovate  black  spot  above  the  insertion  of  each  wing;  feet  not  distinctly 

two-colored,  claws  of  the  hind  ones  simple himacidatua  Coq. 

Without  such  a  spot;  feet  dark  colored  and  with  white  bands  at  the  bases  of 
some  of  the  joints.     (Middle  America.) knahi  Coq. 

3.  Feet  dark  colored  and  with  white  bands 19 

Feet  not  distinctly  banded,  proboscis  unhanded 4 

4.  Scales  of  the  abdomen  black,  sometimes  a  crossband  or  pair  of  spots  of  light- 

colored  scales  on  some  or  all  of  the  segments 5 

Scales  of  the  abdomen  yellow,  except  a  pair  of  spots  of  black  ones  on  some  of 
the  segments;  claws  toothed  on  all  of  the  feet  in  the  female.,  .s^^enceri  Theob. 

5.  Light-colored  scales  of  the  abdomen  forming  crossbands  situated  at  the  bases  of 

the  segments 6 

Light-colored  scales,  when  present,  forming  spots  on  the  sides  of  some  of  the 
segments 14 

6.  Upper  side  of  the  thorax  yellow-scaled  and  with  three  stripes  of  brown  scales; 

scales  of  the  wings  wholly  brown;  all  the  claws  of  the  female  toothed. 

trivitfdtuH  Co(j. 
Upper  side  of  the  thorax  not  marked  like  this 7 

7.  Thorax  with  a  brown-scaled  stri})e  along  the  sides  and  with  a  wider  space  of 

white  scales  in  the  middle;  scales  of  the  wings  wholly  brown;  all  of  the  claws 

toothed  in  the  female dupreei  Coq. 

Thorax  not  marked  in  this  manner 8 

8.  Sides  broadly  and  the  front  end  of  the  thorax  whitish-scaled;  back  part  of  the 

head  also  whitish-scaled ;  all  claws  toothed  in  the  female 9 

Sides  and  front  end  of  the  thorax  yellow  or  brown  scaled 10 

9.  Middle  of  the  thorax  with  a  broad  stripe  of  brown  scales pretans  Grossb. 

Middle  of  the  thorax  having  the  scales  yellow  and  whitish ..  .cinereoborealis  Felt. 

«  This  genus  has  commonly  been  credited  to  Meigen,  but  he  expressly  states  that 
he  had  not  seen  a  specimen  and  that  both  the  name  and  description  had  been  fur- 
nished to  him  by  Wiedemann. 


SUBFAMILY    CULlCINiE.  19 

10.  The  scales  in  the  middle  of  the  thorax  as  dark  as,  or  darker  than,  those  along 

the  side 11 

The  scales  in  the  middle  of  the  thorax  yellow,  those  along  the  broad  sides 
brown;  claws  of  the  hind  feet  simple  in  the  female bracteatus  Coq. 

11.  Bristles  of  the  scutellum  yellow 12 

Bristles  of  the  scutellum  chiefly  black;  upper  side  of  the  thorax  golden-yellow- 
scaled  and  devoid  of  stripes  of  darker  scales,  although  two  darker  stripes  some- 
times appear  where  the  scales  are  very  sparse,  each  stripe  Ijeing  scarcely  one- 
half  as  wide  as  the  yellow-scaled  space  between  it  and  the  other  stripe. 

pnllatus  Coq. 

12.  In  the  middle  of  the  thorax  the  scales  are  wholly  yellow 13 

In  the  middle  of  the  thorax  is  a  pair  of  brown-scaled  stripes,  each  stripe  being 

slightly  wider  than  the  yellow-scaled  space  between  it  and  the  other  stripe. 

lazarensis  F.  &  Y. 

13.  Claspers  of  the  male  with  a  long,  stout  spine  near  the  base  of  the  inner  side. 

impiger  Walk. 
Claspers  without  su(^h  a  spine ahserratus  Felt. 

14.  With  a  median  stripe  of  scales  on  the  thorax  of  a  different  color  from  those  along 

the  sides 15 

Without  such  a  stripe;  abdomen  black-scaled  and  with  the  front  angles  of  some  of 
the  segments  white-scaled;  claws  on  all  of  the  feet  of  the  female  toothed. 
(Middle  America. ) nubilus  Theob. 

15.  Scales  in  the  middle  of  the  thorax,  at  least  on  its  anterior  half,  white,  the  remain- 

der brown ;  claws  on  all  of  th(;  feet  of  the  female  toothed 16 

Scales  in  the  middle  of  the  thorax. black,  the  remainder  yellow  or  whitish  ...   18 

16.  Stripe  of  white  scales  in  the  middle  of  the  thorax  extending  entirely  a(Toss   the 

latter 17 

Stripe  of  white  scales  confined  to  the  anterior  two-thirds  of  the  thorax. 

conjirmatus  Arrib. 

17.  White-scaled  stripes  of  the  thorax  much  narrower  than  the  brown-scaled  portion 

on  each  side  of  it serratus  Theob. 

White-scaled   stripe  wider  than  the  brown-scaled  portion  on  each  side  of  it. 

dujyfeel  Coq. 

18.  Uj)per  surface  of  the  thorax  white-scaled  toward  the  sides;  claws  on  the  hind 

feet  of  the  female  simple triseriatus  Say. 

Upper  surface  of  the  thorax  golden-yellow-scaled  toward  the  sides;  claws  on  the 
hind  feet  of  the  female  toothed aurifer  Coq. 

19.  Proboscis  blackish  and  with  a  white  band  near  the  middle;  white  bands  of  the 

feet  confined  to  the  bases  of  the  joints,  excejit  on  the  hind  feet,  the  last  joint  of 

which  is  sometimes  wholly  white 20 

Proboscis  blackish,  not  distinctly  l)anded  near  the  middle 22 

20.  Abdomen  black-scaled,  each  segment  with  a  basal  band  and  median  longitudinal 

stripe  of  yellowish  scales,  and  with  a  white-scaled  spot  in  the  middle  of  each 

side , 21 

Abdomen  black-scaled,  each  segment  with  a  band  at  the  base  and  a  spot  in  the 
middle  of  each  side  white-scaled,  wing  scales  wholly  black  Jioi iorhy7i(']ius  Wied. 

21.  Wing  scales  mixed  black  and  yellowish;  light  colored  scales  of  the  legs  yellow, 

usually  a  whitish  band  in  the  niiddleof  the  first  joint  of  the  feet.  ..HoUiciians  Walk. 

Wing  scales  wholly  black;  light  colored  scales  of  the  legs  ])ure  white,  first  joint 

of  the  feet  never  with  a  light  colored  band  in  the  middle initchdhe  Dyar. 

22.  Joints  of  the  feet  having  the  white  bands  situated  at  both  ends  of  some  of  them, 

last  joint  of  the  hind  feet  white 23 

Joints  of  the  feet  having  the  white  bands  situated  at  the  bases  only  of  some  of 
them,  last  joint  of  the  hind  feet  black  except  sometimes  its  extreme  base. .  28 


20  CLASSIFICATION    OF    MOSQUITOES. 

23.  Black  scales  mixed  with  white  ones  on  the  wings;  alxlonien  whitish  or  yellow- 

scaled  and  with  a  pair  of  black-scaled  spots  on  some  of  the  segments 24 

Black  scales  only  on  the  wings,  abdomen  black-scaled,  sometimes  with  a  band 
of  white  scales  at  the  bases  of  the  segments 25 

24.  Stripe  of  scales  in  the  middle  of  the  thorax  deep  golden  brown,  covering  more 

than  one-fifth  of  the  width  of  the  thorax,  its  borders  well  defined.      (Salt 

water  species. ) laiirittahis  Coq. 

Stripe  pale  brown,  covering  less  than  one-ninth  of  the  width  of  the  thorax,  its 
borders  not  strongly  marked,  usually  a  narrow  stripe  of  brown  scales  on  each 
side  of  it  separated  by  yellowish  white  scales.      (Fresh  water  species.) 

curriei  Coq. 

25.  Upper  side  of  the  thorax  light-yellow-scaled  and  with  a  broad  stripe  of  black 

scales  in  the  middle;  palpi  wholly  black-scaled  in  both  sexes;  abdomen  black- 
scaled  and  with  a  band  of  white  scales  at  the  base  of  each  segment. 

atropalpns  Coq. 

Upper  side  of  the  thorax  not  marked  as  above;  i)alpi  with  whitish  scales  at  the 

apices  in  the  female  and  with  bands  of  them  in  the  male 26 

26.  Segments  of  the  abdomen  with  distinct  whitish  bands  at  their  l)ases;  scales  of 

the  upper  side  of  the  thorax  brown  and  light  yellowish mripalpus  Coq. 

Segments  of  the  abdomen  never  with  distinct  whitish  l)ands;  scales  of  the  upper 
side  of  the  thorax  wholly  yellow 27 

27.  Hind  feet  almost  wholly  white-scaled nhitarsis  Coq. 

Hind  feet  largely  black-scaled canadensis  Theob. 

28.  Dorsum  of  the  abdomen  black-scaled  and  with  a  band  of  light-colored  scales  at 

the  base  of  each  segment 30 

Dorsum  of  the  abdomen  not  marked  as  above 29 

29.  Abdomen  wholly  light-yellow-scaled .fetchcri  Coq. 

Abdomen  black-scaled  and  with  white  spots  on  the  sides;  thorax  black-scaled 

and  with  four  lines  of  yellow  scales.     (Middle  America. ) . .  .quadrivittatus  Coq. 

30.  White  band  at  the  base  of  the  second  joint  of  the  hind  feet  covering  at  least  one- 

third  of  the  length  of  the  joint;  claws  of  the  hind  feet  toothed  in  the  female. .  32 

White  band  covering  less  than  one-fourth  of  the  length  of  the  seconcT  joint  of  the 

hind  feet 31 

31.  Seventh  segment  of  the  abdomen  almost   wholly  yellow-scaled,  many  yellow 

scales  in  the  central  portion  of  the  preceding  segment;  claws  of  the  hind  feet 

of  the  female  simj)le mntator  Coq. 

Seventh  and  preceding  segments  (;hiefly  black-scaled;  claws  of  the  hind  feet  of 
the  female  toothed sylrestris  Theob. 

32.  Claspers  of  the  male  having,  near  the  base  of   the  inner  side,  a  large  process 

thickly  covered  with  hairs .fitchii  Felt. 

Claspers  without  such  a  process subcuiUans  Felt,  ahjitchil  Felt,  tiltata  Theob. 

{}))  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonyms. 


bracteatus  Coq. 
cantator  Coq. 
canadensis  Theob. 
cinereoborealis  F.  &  Y.« 
trichurus  Dyar. 


abfitchii  Felt. 

siphonalis  Grossb. 
abserratus  F.  &  Y. 
atropalpns  Coq. 
aurifer  Coq. 
bimaculatus  Coq. 

«The  writer's  copy  of  Science  containing  the  original  description  of  this  species 
was  received  September  2,  1904,  and  the  National  Museum  copy  is  stamped  as  having 
been  received  on  the  same  date.  The  writer's  copy  of  the  Journal  of  the  New  York 
Entomological  Society  which  contains  the  original  description  of  trichurus  was 
received  September  6,  1904;  the  National  Museum  copy  and  that  of  the  U.  S. 
Department  of  Agriculture  are  stamped  with  the  same  date— September  6,  1904. 


SUBFAMILY    CULICIN^.  21 

(6)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonyms — Continued. 


quadrivittatus  Coq. 
serratus  Theob. 

mathisi  Neveu-Lem. 
sollicitans  Walk, 
spenceri  Theob. 

idahocnsis  Theob. 
subcantans  Felt. 
sylvestris  Theob. 
t?eniorhynchus  Wied. 

damnosus  Say. 
triseriatus  Say. 

7iigra  Ludlow  (Finlaya). 
trivittatus  Coq. 
varipalpus  Coq. 

sicrrcnsis  Ludlow. 


confirmatus  Arrib. 
curriei  Coq. 
dupreei  Coq. 
fitchii  F.  &  Y. 
fletcheri  Coq. 
impiger  Walk. 

implacabilis  Walk, 
knabi  Coq. 
lativittatus  Coq. 
lazarensis  F.  &  Y. 
mitchellse  Dyar. 
nivitarsis  Coq. 
nubilus  Theob. 
pre  tans  Grossb. 
pullatus  Coq. 

(c)  Unrecognized  Species. 

aestivalis  Dyar,  auroides  Felt,  excrucians  Walker,  hirsiUeron  Theob.,  inconspicuus 
Grossb.,  nemorosus  Meigen,  onondagends  Felt,  pallidohirta  Grossb.,  portoricensis  Lud- 
low, provocans  Walker,  jninctor  Kirby,  reptans  Meigen,  stimulans  Walker,  testaceus 
van  der  Wulp,  and  tortilis  Theobald. 

Genus  GRABHAMIA  Theobald. 
(Synonym:  Feltidia  Dyar.) 
(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

1.  Feet  unicolorous  brown,  wing  scales  wholly  brown.     (West  Indies.) 2 

Feet  brown  and  with  bands  of  white  scales  at  bases  of  some  of  the  joints 3 

2.  With  an  ovate,  velvety-black  spot  above  the  insertion   of  each  wing;  abdomen 

black  scaled,  unmarked ocellatus  Theob. 

Without  such  a  spot;  abdomen  black-scaled  and  with  a  white-scaled  spot  in  the 
front  angles  of  the  posterior  seguients scholasticus  Theob.  ■ 

3.  Proboscis  black  scaled  and  with  a  light-colored  band  near  the  middle;  a  white 

band  before  the  apex  of  each  hind  femur 4 

Proboscis  wholly  black;  abdomen  black-scaled  and  with  a  white  band  at  the 
bases  of  the  segments;  no  white  band  before  the  apex  of  the  hind  femora. 
(West  Indies. ) imitator  Theob. 

4.  Wing  scales  black  and  whitish 5 

Wing  scales  wholly  black;    abdomen    black-scaled   and  with   a   narrow  white, 

usually  interrupted,  band  at  apex  of  each  segment.     ( West  Indies. ) 

confinis  Arrib. 

5.  Last  vein  with  many  black  scales  on  the  basal  portion 6 

Last  vein  wholly  white  scaled  on  the  basal  Iwo-thirds;  light  and  dark  scales  of 

the  wings  collected  into  spots,  costa  mixed  black  and  whitish  scaled  and  with  a 
long  whitish  spot  beyond  the  apex  of  the  auxiliary  vein discolor  Coq. 

6.  Costa  and  veins  bearing  mixed  black  and  whitish  scales,  the  latter  not  forming 

distinct  spots .- 7 

Costa  black  and  whitish  scaled,  the  apical  half  with  four  long  spots  of  whitish 
scales  alternating  with  three  long  spots  of  black  ones signipennis  Coq. 

7.  First  joint  of  the  hind  feet  light  colored  in  the  middle,  a  small  but  distinct  black- 

scaled  spot  at  the  base  of  the  third  vein jamaicensis  Theob. 

First  joint  of  the  hind  feet  black  in  the  middle,  no  distinct  black  spot  at  the  base 
of  the  third  vein pygmseus  Theob. 


22  CLASSIFICATION    OF    MOSQUITOES. 

(6)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonyms. 


confinis  Arrib. 
discolor  Coq. 
imitator  Theob. 
jamaicensis  Theob. 

coiijinis  auet.  (all  references  to  its  occurrence 
in  the  United  States). 


ocellatus  Theob. 
pygmteus  Theob. 

anliquic  Giles. 

nanus  Coq. 
scholasticus  Theob. 
signipennis  Coq. 


( G.  deniedmannii  Ludlow  belongs  to  Lepidoplatys. ) 
Genus  LUTZIA  Theobald. 

Joints  of  the  feet  white  at  each  end,  abdomen  black-scaled  and  with  a  large  apical 
spot  of  white  scales  on  each  segment bigotii  Bell. 

Genus  CULICELLA  Felt. 

(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

Feet  narrowly  white  at  the  bases  of  some  of  the  joints,  proboscis  without  a  lighter 
band  nearMhe  middle,  abdomen  black-scaled  and  with  a  broad  band  of  yellow 
scales  at  the  base  of  eac;h  segment dyari  Coq. 


dyari  Coq. 
brittoni  Felt. 


{b)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonymy. 

Genus  THEOBALDIA  Neveu-Lemaire. 
{a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

Front  side  of  the  hind  tibiae  chiefly  black-scaled,  the  apices  very  broadly  whitish- 
scaled,  white  bands  of  the  feet  narrow,  the  dark  spots  on  the  wings  large. 

incidens  Thorn. 

Front  side  of  the  hind  tibiie  with  many  yellow  scales,  the  apices  narrowly  and  indis- 
tinctly whitinh-scaled;  the  dark  spots  on  the  wings  small annnlata  Schrank. 


annulata  Schrank. 
affinis  Stephens. 
variegata  Schrank. 


(6)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonyms. 

incidens  Thorn. 
particeps  Adams. 


Genus  CULISETA  Felt, 
(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

Wing  scales  wholly  brown,  abdomen  brown-scaled  and  with  bands  of  light-colored 
scah'S  at  the  leases  of  the  segments  in  both  sexes absobrinus  Felt. 

Wing  scales  mixed  brown  and  yellowish  in  the  female,  abdomen  brown-scaled  and 
with  bands  of  light-colored  scales  in  the  female,  unhanded  in  the  male. 

consobrinus  Desv. 


absobrinus  Felt, 
consobrinus  Desv. 
impatiens  Walk. 


{b)    List  of  the  Species  and  Synonyms. 

inornatus  Will. 
magnipennis  Felt. 
pinguis  W^alk. 


SUBFAMILY    CULICIN^. 


23 


Genus  CULEX  Linn^. 


5. 


(Synonyms:  Heteronycha  Arribalzaga,  Neocukx  Tiyax.) 
(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

Feet  black,  both  ends  of  some  of  the  jomts  white. 

janitor-  Theob.,  j^leuristriatus  Theob.,  sccufor  Theob.,  tarsalis  Coq. 

Feet  uniformly  blackish 2 

Light-colored  bands  of  scales  on  the  abdomen  situated  at  the  bases  of  the 
segments 3 

Light-colored  bands  located  at  the  apices  of  the  segments,  sometimes  almost 
wanting territans  Walk. 

Upper  side  of  the  thorax  dark-yellow-scaled,  and  usually  with  a  small  round 
dot  of  light-yellow  scales  on  each  side  of  the  center;  light-colored  bands  of  the 
abdomen  broad  and  distinct;  feet  with  very  narrow,  indistinct  bands  of  light- 
colored  scales  at  the  sutures  of  the  joints restuans  Theob. 

Upper  side  of  the  thorax  devoid  of  such  dots 4 

Crossbands  of  light-colored  scales  indistinct  on  the  anterior  half  of  the  abdomen, 
almost  wanting  on  the  second  segment satiiiarius  Coq. 

Crossbands  distinct 5 

Species  from  the  West  Indies palus  Theob. ;  similis  Theob. 

Species  almost  cosmopolitan jnpiens  Linne. 


(6)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonyms. 


janitor  Theob. 
palus  Theob. 
pipiens  Linne, 

boscii  Desv. 

cubensis  Bigot. 

fatigans  avLct.n  (North  American  references). 

ferruginosiis  Wied.     ( Anopheles. ) 

pungens  Wied. 

quinquefasciatus  Say. 
pleuristriatus  Theob. 
restuans  Theob. 


salinarius  Coq. 

nigritnlus  auct.  (North  American  references), 
secutor  Theob. 
similis  Theob. 
tarsalis  Coq. 

affinis  Adams  (not  of  Stephens). 

kelloggil  Theob. 

peas  Speiser. 

willistoni  Giles, 
territans  Walk. 

apicalis  Adams. 


(c)   Unrecognized  Species. 

flavipes  Macquart,  biocellatus  Theobald,  inflictus  Theob.,  microsquamosus  Theob.,  nigri- 

palpus  Theob.,  and  saxatilis  Grossbeck. 
(C.  penafidi  Williston  has  never  been  described.) 

Genus  MELANOCONION  Theobald. 

1.  Hind  and  other  feet  wholly  black 2 

Hind  feet  white-scaled  on  the  broad  base  of  the  fourth  joint;   abdomen  black- 
scaled,  a  row  of  violet-scaled  spots  along  the  sides.     (Middle  America. ) 

urichii  Coq. 


«  In  response  to  my  request,  Maj.  A.  Alcock,  superintendent  of  the  natural  history 
section  of  the  Indian  Museum  at  Calcutta,  India,  sent  me  specimens  of  this  species 
in  all  the  stages.  The  larvae  have  been  examined  by  Dr.  H.  G.  Dyar  and  Mr.  F.  Knab, 
who  report  having  discovered  differences  between  them  and  the  corresponding  stage 
of  the  North  American  specimens  of  pipiens. 


24  CLASSIFICATION    OF    MOSQUITOES. 

2.  Thorax  on  the  anterior  half  golden-yellow-scaled  and  with  a  pair  of  black-scaled 

spots,  the  posterior  half  black-scaled  and  with  two  stripes  of  yellow  scales. 

( Middle  America. ) spissipes  Theob. 

Thorax  wholly  golden-brown-scaled 3 

3.  Abdomen  with  bands  of  yellowish  scales  at  the  bases  of  the  segments.     ( Middle 

America.) humilis  Theob. 

Abdomen  unhanded 4 

4.  Front  angles  of  the  segments  of  tlie  abdomen  yellowish-scaled atratus  Theob. 

Front  angles  and  whole  of  the  abdominal  segments  black-scaled. 

bidecorabilis  Theob.,  melanurus  Coq. 

Genus  TINOLESTES  Coquillett. 

Feet  unicolorous  black;  scales  of  the  upper  side  of  the  body  black  and  with  light- 
colored  ones  in  the  front  angles  of  some  of  the  segments  of  the  abdomen. 

latisquama  Coq. 
Genus  MICRAEDES  Coquillett. 

Proboscis  and  feet  unicolorous  black;  scales  of  the  abdomen  purple-black  and  with 
light-colored  ones  in  the  front  angles  of  some  of  the  segments bisulcatus  Coq. 

Genus  ISOSTOMYIA  Coquillett. 

Proboscis,  feet  and  alxlomen  wholly  I ilack-scaled perturbans  Will. 

[Aedes  nigricorpus  Theolxdd  may  als  >  belong  to  this  genus.) 

Genus  T^ENIORHYNCHUS  Arribalzaga. 

(Synonym:   Coqaillettidia  Dyar. ) 

(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

1.  Scales  of  the  wings  mixed  black  and  light  colored,  those  of  the  costa  not  forming 

distinct  spots;  scales  of  the  feet  black  and  with  white  ones  at  the  bases  of  some 

of  the  joints 2 

Scales  of  the  wings  wholly  black.     ( Middle  America. ) 3 

2.  Abdomen  black-scaled  and  with  a  white  band  at  the  base  of  each  segment;  hind 

tibite  with  a  broad  light-colored  band  before  the  apex perturbans  Walk. 

Abdomen  golden-yellow  scaled  and  with  several  black  scales  on  the  first  three 
segment*";  hind  tibia?  devoid  of  a  distinct  light-colored  band.  (Middle  Amer- 
ica. ) .JIaveolus  Coq. 

3.  Feet  black-scaled  and  with  white  bands  at  the  sutures  of  some  of  the  joints,  femora 

with  a  whitish  spot  or  band  at  a  point  near  three-fourths  of  their  length 4 

Feet  wholly  black  except  at  the  base  of  the  first  joint,  femora  devoid  of  a  distinct 
white  mark  near  three-fourths  of  their  length;  abdomen  black-scaled  and  with 
a  white  band  or  median  spot  at  the  base  of  each  of  the  last  four  segments  and  a 
white  spot  in  the  front  angles  of  each  segment palliatus  Coq. 

4.  Scales  on  the  upper  side  of  the  abdomen  black  and  with  spots  of  white  ones  along 

the  sides 5 

Scales  on  the  abdomen  wholly  black,  on  the  thorax  wholly  brown. 

arribalzagse  Theob. 

5.  White  spots  on  the  sides  of  the  abdomen  situated  in  the  front  angles  of  the  seg- 

ments; scales  in  the  middle  of  the  thorax  yellow,  those  toward  the  sides  chiefly 

black nigricans  Coq. 

White  spots  on  the  sides  of  the  abdomen  situated  near  the  middle  of  the  seg- 
ments; scales  of  the  thorax  brown  and  with  several  lines  of  light  yellow  ones. 

fasdolatus  Arrib. 


SUBFAMILY    CULICIN^.  25 

(6)  Unrecognized  Species. 

niger  Giles,  described  from  Antigua,  West  Indies. 

richardi  Ficalbi,  a  European  species  reported  from  Canada  by  Theobald. 

(c)  Species  Wrongly  Referred  to  this  Genus. 

antiquse  Giles  and  confinis  Arribalzaga  belong  to  Grabhamia;  fulvus  AA'^iedemann 
belongs  to  Psorophora;  sierrensis  Ludlow  belongs  to  Ochlerotatus. 

Genus  MANSONIA  Blanchard. 

(Synonym:  PanopZites  Theobald. ) 
(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

Third  joint  of  the  feet  black-scaled,  the  base  narrowly  white-scaled,  scales  of  the 
tibiae  not  forming  distinct  spots  or  bands titillans  Walk. 

Third  joint  of  the  hind  feet  wholly  white-scaled,  black  and  yellowish  scales  of  the 
tibiae  collected  into  distinct  bands  and  spots .fascipes  Coq. 

(6)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonymy. 

fascipes  Coq.  I  titillans  Walk. 

!  tseniorhynchus  Arrib.  (not  of  Wiedemann). 

Oemis  AEDEOMYIA  Theobald. 

Proboscis  with  a  white  ring  near  the  middle;  joints  of  the  feet  white  at  their  bases; 
scales  of  the  wings  brown,  yellow,  and  white squamipennis  Arrib. 

Genus  RSMAGOGTJS  Williston. 

(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

Scales  of  the  abdomen  bluish  and  with  a  row  of  silvery  spots  along  each  side,  some- 
times a  small  median  spot  of  white  scales  on  some  of  the  segments cyaneus  Fab. 

(6)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonymy. 
cyaneus  Fab. 

splendens  Will. 

(The  following  two  species  were  originally  described  under  Hsemagogus. ) 

Genus  CAC0M7IA,  new  genus. 

Abdomen  having  white  scales  in  the  middle  of  the  last  two  segments  only. 

albomaculatus  Theob. 
Abdomen  having  white  scales  in  the  middle  of  some  of  the  other  segments. 

equinus  Theob. 
Genus  G7MN0MET0PA  Coquillett. 

1 .  Upper  side  of  the  thorax  brown-scaled  and  with  six  narrow  lines  of  pale  yell  o w  scales 

extending  the  entire  length  of  the  thorax;  last  two  joints  of  the  hind  feet  black. 

sexlineata  Theob. 
Upper  side  of  the  thorax  not  marked  like  this 2 

2.  Last  two  joints  of  the  hind  feet  and  all  the  tibiae  black 3 

Last  two  joints  of  the  hind  feet  chiefly  white;  a  spot  or  band  of  white  scales  on 

the  base  of  at  least  the  first  two  joints  on  all  of  the  feet;  tibiae  with  a  silvery  mark 
at  a  point  about  one-fourth  of  their  length mediovittaia  Coq. 

3.  With  a  dot  of  silvery  scales  in  the  middle  of  the  front  end  of  the  thorax;  first  two 

joints  of  the  front  feet  w'hite-scaled  at  their  bases alhonotata  Coq. 

Without  such  a  dot;  front  feet  wholly  black-scaled husckii  Coq. 


26  CLASSIFICATION    OF    MOSQUITOES. 

Genus  HOWARDINA  Theobald. 

Feet  black-scaled,  the  base  of  the  first  three  joints  of  the  hind  ones  white-scaled; 
upper  side  of  the  thorax  white-scaled  along  the  sides,  the  median  portion  black- 
scaled  and  with  four  narrow  lines  of  pale  yellow  scales,  the  two  middle  lines 
united  into  a  single  line  posteriorly,  the  outer  two  lines  situated  on  the  posterior 
half  of  the  thorax n-alkerl  Theob. 

Genus  PNEUMACULEX  Dyar. 

Thorax  on  the  upper  side  velvety-brown-scaled  and  with  six  narrow  lines  of  silvery 
scales .signifer  Coq. 

5.  Subfamily  DEINOCERITIN^  Mitchell. 

Genus  DEINOGERITES  Theobald. 

(Synonym:  Brachiomyia  Theobald.) 

(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

Proboscis  and  feet  unicoiorous  blackish;  scales  of  the  up})er  side  of  the  body  also 
blackish cancer  Theob. 

(6)  List  ok  the  Species  and  Synonymy. 

cancer  Theob. 
VKU/na  Theob. 

6.  Subfamily  URANOT^l^IINiE  Lahille. 

Genus  URANOTJENIA  Arribalzaga. 

(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

1.  Thorax  with  a  median  line  of  bluish  scales;  feet  wholly  black 2 

Thorax  without  a  median  line;  hind  feet  white  on  at  least  the  last  two  joints  and 

broad  apex  of  the  third 3 

2.  Bluish  median  line  of  the  thorax  prolonged  to  the  scutellum sajyphirina  O.  S. 

Bluish  line  obliterated  before  reaching  the  scutellum socialis  Theob. 

3.  Scutellum  with  blue  scales;  a  patch  of  blue  scales  on  the  thorax  a  considerable 

distance  in  front  of  the  scutellum;  feet  white  at  the  sutures  of  many  of  the 

joints.     ( Middle  America. ) gcometricn  Theob. 

Scutellum  without  blue  scales;  no  patch  of  blue  scales  on  the  thorax  in  front  of  it; 
feet  wholly  black  except  the  last  two  joints  and  apex  of  the  third  in  the  hind 
ones lowii  Theob. 

(b)  Unrecognized  Species. 

apicalis  Theobald  and  2)ulcherrhii(i  Arribalzaga.     Both  of  these  have  been  reported 
from  the  West  Indies. 

7.  Subfamily  TRICHOPROSOPONINiE  Theobald. 
(Synonyms:  Hy loconopinx  L.ntz,  Dendr omy inx  L.utz,  Sabettinie  BlsLUchard.) 

Table  of  the  Genera. 

1.  Male  palpi  at  least  one-half  as  long  as  the  proboscis;  clypeus  hairy.     (Middle 

America. ) Trichoprosopon. 

Male  palpi  less  than  one-fourth  as  long  as  the  proboscis;  clypeus  bare 2 


SUBFAMILY    TRICHOPROSOPONIN^.  27 

2.  Veins  of  the  wings  having  the  outstanding  scales  narrow  and  nearly  linear;  hind 

cross  vein  situated  at  least  its  own  length  before  the  small  cross  vein;  legs  never 

fringed  with  scales Wyeomyla. 

Veins  having  many  rather  broad  outstanding  scales.     (Middle  America.) 3 

3.  Hind  cross  vein  slightly  before,  opposite,  or  beyond  the  small  cross  vein,  each  foot 

bearing  two  claws 7 

Hind  cross  vein  at  least  twice  its  own  length  before  the  small  cross  vein;  legs  never 
fringed  with  scales 4 

4.  With  two  claw^s  on  each  hind  foot;  no  scales  on  the  posterior  end  of  the  thorax 

below  the  scutellum 5 

With  only  one  claw  on  each  hind  foot  in  both  sexes;  posterior  end  of  the  thorax 
below  the  scutellum  bearing  several  broad  scales  in  addition  to  the  bristles..  6 

5.  Proboscis  shorter  than  the  body,  thickened  before  its  apex Bendromyki. 

Proboscis  longer  than  the  body,  not  thickened  toward  its  apex Phoniomyia. 

6.  Male  proboscis  strongly  curved  in  the  outer  half  and  with  a  cluster  of  scales  at 

each  end  of  the  curved  portion Limatus. 

7.  Legs  not  fringed Sabethoides. 

Legs  fringed  in  places  with  outstanding  scales  in  both  sexes Sabethes. 

Genus  TRICHOPROSOPON  Theobald. 
(Synonym:  Johlotia  Blanchard.) 

Feet  wholly  black lunata  Theob. 

Feet  black,  the  last  four  joints  of  the  middle  feet  and  the  last  two  of  the  hind  ones 
white niiipes  Theob. 

Genus  WYEOMYIA  Theobald. 

Proboscis  and  upper  side  of  the  abdomen  wholly  black-scaled. 

grayi  Theob.,  pertinans  Will.,  smithii  Coq. 

Genus  DENDROMYIA  Theobald. 

Abdomen  wholly  black-scaled  on  the  upper  side;  humeri  black-scaled;  first  joint  of 
the  hind  feet  shorter  than  their  tibiae luteoventralis  Theob. 

Genus  PHONIOMYIA  Theobald. 

(a)  Table  or  the  Species. 

Abdom.en  black-scaled,  the  front  angles  of  the  segments  white-scaled. 

longirostris  Theob. 

(b)  List  of  the  Species  and  Syxonomy. 

longirostris  Theob. 
trinidadensis  Theob. 

Genus  LIMATUS  Theobald. 

(Synonym:  SimondellaL,a\ersin.) 

Thorax  golden-yellow-scaled,  a  median,  Y-shaped  spot,  with  the  prongs  nearest  the 
head,  and  a  large  spot  above  each  w^ing  violet-blue-scaled durhamii  Theob. 

Genus  SABETHOIDES  Theobald. 

Abdomen  black-scaled,  the  under  side  and  front  angles  of  the  segments  whitish- 
scaled,  the  white-scaled  front  angles  prolonged  so  as  to  form  a  crossband  which  is 
interrupted  except  sometimes  on  the  last  three  segments confusus  Theob. 

Abdomen  black -scaled,  the  under  side  whitish-scaled,  and  encroaching  on  the  sides 
of  the  dorsum,  the  border  of  the  two  colors  strongly  undulating undosus  Coq. 


28  CLASSIFICATION    OF    MOSQUITOES. 

Oenns  SABETHES  Desvoidy. 

(a)  Table  of  the  Species. 

1.  Front  and  hind  legs  not  fringed 2 

Front  and  other  legs  fringed  in  places  with  outstanding  scales;  middle  legs  white- 
scaled  before  and  beyond  the  fringed  portion;  the  broad  apices  of  the  hind  feet 
chiefly  white-scaled longipes  Fab. 

2.  Legs  black-scaled,  the  apical  part  of  the  fringe  on  the  middle  legs  white. 

*     nitidus  Theob. 
Legs  wholly  black-scaled locuples  Desv. 

{h)  List  of  the  Species  and  Synonomy. 

locuples  Desv.  *     j  longipes  Fab. 

remipes  Wied.  nitidus  Theob. 


INDEX. 


Page. 

abfitchii,  Ochlerotatus 20 

abserratus,  Ochlerotatus 19 

absobrinus,  Culiseta 22 

Aedeomyia 16, 25 

Aedeomyix^ 10, 15 

Aedes 15, 18 

AiiDiN^ .' 10 

sestivalis,  Ochlerotatus 21 

afflnis,  Culex 23 

affinis,  Theobaldia 22 

albimanus,  Cellia 7, 13 

albipes,  Cellia 7, 13 

albitarsis,  Cellia 13 

albitarsis,  Janthinosoma 17 

albomaculatus,  Cacomyia 25 

albonotata,  Gymnometopa 25 

annulatus,  Theobaldia 22 

annulimanus,  Anopheles 13 

annulitarsis,  Stegomyia 17 

Anopheles 12 

ANOPHELINiE 10, 11, 12 

antiquse,  Grabhamia 22 

apicalis,  Culex 23 

apicalis,  Uranotsenia 26 

argyrotarsis,  Cellia 13 

arribalzagse,  Janthinosoma 17 

arribalzagse,  Taeniorhynchus 24 

Arribalzagia 13 

atratus,  Melanoconion 24 

atropalpus,  Ochlerotatus 20 

aurifer,  Ochlerotatus 19 

auroides,  Ochlerotatus 21 

bancroftii,  Stegomyia 17 

barberi.  Anopheles 12 

bifurcatus.  Anopheles 13 

bigotii,  Lutzia 22 

bimaculatus,  Ochlerotatus 18 

biocellatus,  Culex 23 

bisulcatus,  Micraedes 24 

boscii,  Culex 23 

Brachiomyia 26 

bracteatus,  Ochlerotatus , 19 

brittoni,  Culicella 22 

busckii,  Gymnometopa 25 

Cacomyia 16, 25 

calopus,  Stegomyia 8, 17 

canadensis,  Ochlerotatus 20 

cancer,  Deinocerites 26 

cantator,  Ochlerotatus 20 

Cellia 12, 13 

Chrysoconops 14 

ciliata,  Psorophora , 8, 14 


Page. 

cilipes,  Psorophora 14 

cinereoborealis,  Ochlerotatus 18 

Conchyliastes 17 

confinis,  Grabhamia 21, 22 

confirmatus,  Ochlerotatus 19 

confusus,  Sabethoides 27 

consobrinus,  Culiseta 22 

conterrens,  Psorophora 14 

Coquillettidia 24 

CORETHRID^ 9 

crucians.  Anopheles 7, 12 

cubensis,  Cellia 13 

cubensis,  Culex 23 

Culex 16, 23 

Culicada 18 

Culicella 16, 22 

Culicelsa 18 

CULICID^ 9 

CULICIN^ 10, 15 

Culiseta 16, 22 

curriei,  Ochlerotatus 20 

cyanescens,  Lepidosia 16 

cyaneus,  Hsemagogus , 25 

Cycloleppteron 12, 13 

damnosus,  Ochlerotatus 21 

Deinocerites 26 

Deinoceritin^i; 10, 11, 26 

Dendromyia 27 

DENDROM  YINiE 10, 26 

deniedmannii,  Lepidoplatys 18 

discolor,  Grabhamia 21 

discrucians,  Janthinosoma 17 

DiXIDiE 9 

dupreei,  Ochlerotatus 18, 19 

durhamii,  Limatus 27 

dyari,  Culicella 22 

Ecculex 18 

eiseni,  Anopheles 12 

elegans,  Stegomyia 17 

equinus,  Cacomyia 25 

exagitans,  Stegomyia 17 

excitans,  Stegomyia 17 

excrucians,  Ochlerotatus 21 

fasciata,  Stegomyia 17 

fasciolatus,  Taeniorhynchus 24 

fascipes,  Mansonia 25 

fatigans,  Culex 8, 23 

Feltidia 21 

ferox,  Megarhinus 14 

ferruginosus,  Culex 7, 23 

Finlaya 21 

fitchii,  Ochlerotatus 20 

29 


30 


INDEX. 


Page. 

flaveolus,  Tseniorh jiichus 24 

flavicosta,  Psorophora 14 

flavipes,  Culex 23 

fletcheri,  Ochlerotatus 20 

formosa,  Stegomyia 17 

franciscanus,  Anopheles 12 

frater,  Stegomyia 17 

fulva,  Psorophora 14 

f uscus,  Aedes 18 

geometrica,  Urauotsenia 26 

Grabhamia 15, 21 

grabhami,  Cycloleppteron 13 

grandiosus,  Megarhinus 14 

Grassia 12 

grayii,  Wyeomyia 27 

Gymnomelopa 16, 25 

Hsemagogus 16, 25 

H.*:magogin,b 10, 15 

haemorrhoidalis,  Megarhinus 14 

Heteronycha 23 

hirsuteron,  Ochlerotatus  . . .  .• 21 

howardii,  Psorophora 14 

Howurdina 16, 26 

humilis,  Melanoconion 24 

hyemalis.  Anopheles 13 

HYLOCONOPINiE 10,  26 

idahoensis,  Ochlerotatus 21 

imitator,  Grabhamia 21 

impatibilis,  Stegomyia 17 

impatiens,  Culiseta 22 

impiger,  Ochlerotatus 1".' 

implacabilis,  Ochlerotatus 21 

incidens,  Theobaldia 22 

incouspicuus,  Ochlerotatus 21 

indecorabilis,  Melanoconion 24 

inexorabilis,  Stegomyia 17 

inllictus,  Culex 23 

inornatus,  Culiseta 22 

insolita,  Verrallina 17 

Isostomyia 16, 24 

jamaicensis,  Grabhamia 21 

janitor,  Culex 23 

Janthinosoma 15, 17 

Joblotia 27 

johnstoni,  Janthinosoma 17 

kelloggii,  Culex 23 

knabi,  Ochlerotatus 18 

konoupi,  Stegomyia 17 

laternaria,  Verrallina 17 

latisquama,  Tinolestcs 24 

lativittatus,  Ochlerotatus 20 

lazarensis,  Ochlerotatus 19 

Lepidoplatys 15, 18 

Lepidosia 15, 16 

Limatus 27 

locuples,  Sabethes : 28 

longipes,  Megarhinus 14 

longipes,  Sabethes 28 

longirostris,  Phoniomyia 27 

lowii,  Uranotsenia 26 

luciensis,  Stegomyia 17 

lunata,  Trichoprosopon 27 

luteoventralis,  Dendromyia 27 

Lutzia 16,22 

lutzii,  Janthinosoma 17 

lutzii,  Myzomyia 12 


Page. 

Lynchiella u 

Lynch  i  ellin^e 14 

maculipennis,  Anopheles 12 

maculipes,  Cellia 13 

magna,  Deinocerites 26 

magnipennis,  Culiseta 22 

Mansonia 16, 25 

mathisi,  Ochlerotatus 21 

mediopunctata,  Nototricha 13 

mediovittata,  Gymnometopa 25 

MEGARHININ.E 10, 11, 14 

Megarhinus 14 

Melanoconion 16, 23 

melanurus,  Melanoconion 24 

mexicana,  Lepidosia 16 

Micraedes 16, 24 

microsquamosus,  Culex 23 

mitchellae,  Ochlerotatus 19 

molestus,  Psorophora 8 

mosquito,  Stegomyia 17 

musica,  Janthinosoma 8, 17 

Myzomyia 12 

nanus,  Grabhamia 22 

nemorosus,  Ochlerotatus 21 

Neoculex 23 

niger,  Taniorhynchus 25 

nigra,  Ochlerotatus 21 

nigricans,  Taeniorhynchus 24 

nigricorpus,  Isostomyia 24 

nigrii)alpus,  Culex 23 

nigripcs,  Anopheles 13 

nigritulus,  Culex : 23 

nitidus,  Sabethes 28 

nivipes,  Trichoprosopon 27 

nivitiirsis,  Ochlerotatus 20 

Nototricha 12, 13 

nubilus,  Ochlerotatus 19 

ocellatus,  Grabhamia 21 

Ochlerotatus 15, 18 

ochripes,  Psorophora 14 

onondagensis,  Ochlerotatus 21 

I)alliatus,  Taeniorhynchus 24 

pallidohirta,  Ochlerotatus 21 

palus,  Culex 23 

Panoplites 25 

particeps,  Theobaldia 22 

penafieli,  Culex 23 

perterrens,  Psorophora 14 

pertinans,  Wyeomyia 27 

perturbans,  Isostomyia 24 

perturbans,  Tseniorhynchus 24 

pens,  Culex 23 

Phoniomyia 27 

pictus.  Anopheles 13 

pinguis,  Culiseta 22 

pipiens,  Culex 7, 8, 23 

pleuristriatus,  Culex 23 

Pneumaculex 16, 26 

portoricensis,  Megarhinus 14 

portoricensis,  Ochlerotatus 21 

posticata,,  Janthinosoma 8,17 

pretans,  Ochlerotatus 18 

Protoculex 18 

provocans,  Ochlerotatus 21 

Pseudoculex 18 

pseudopunctipennis,  Anopheles 12 


INDEX. 


31 


Page. 

Psorophora 14 

PSOBOPHORIN.E 10, 11, 14 

pulcherrima,  Uranotaenia 26 

pullatus,  Ochlerotatus 19 

punctipennis,  Anopheles 12 

punctor,  Ochlerotatus 21 

pungens,  Culex 8, 23 

purpureus,  Megarhlnus 14 

pygmsea,  Grabhamia 21 

quadrimaculatus,  Anopheles 13 

quadrivittatus,  Ochlerotatus 20 

queenslandensis,  Stegomyia 17 

quinquefasciatus,  Culex 7, 23 

remipes,  Sabethes _. 28 

reptans,  Ochlerotatus 21 

restuans,  Culex 23 

richardi,  Tseniorhynchus 25 

rossil,  Stegomyia 17 

rubidus,  Psorophora 14 

rutilus,  Megarhlnus 14 

Sabethes 27, 28 

Sabethoides 27 

Sabettin^ 26 

salinarius,  Culex 23 

sapphirina,  Uranotamia 26 

saxatilis,  Culex 23 

scholasticus,  Grabhamia 21 

scintillans,  Psorophora 15 

secutor,  Culex 23 

serratus,  Ochlerotatus 19 

sexlineata,  Gymnometopa 25 

sierrensis,  Ochlerotatus 21 

signifer,  Pneumaculex 26 

signipennis,  Grabhamia 21 

similis,  Culex 23 

Simondella 27 

siphonalis,  Ochlerotatus 20 

smithii,  Wyeomyia 27 

socialis,  Uranotsenia 26 

sollicitans,  Ochlerotatus 19 

spenceri,  Ochlerotatus 18 

spissipes,  Melanoconion 24 

splendens,  Hsemagogus 25 


Page. 

squamiger,  Lepidoplatys 18 

squamipennis,  Aedeomyia 25 

Stegomyia 15, 17 

stimulans,  Ochlerotatus 21 

subcantans,  Ochlerotatus 20 

sylvestris,  Ochlerotatus 20 

taeniatus,  Stegomyia 8, 17 

Tseniorhynchus 16, 24 

taeniorhynchus,  Mansonia 25 

tseniorhynchus,  Ochlerotatus 8, 19 

tarsalis,  Culex 23 

tarsimaculatus,  Cellia 13 

terminalis,  Janthinosoma 8, 17 

territans,  Culex 23 

testaceus,  Ochlerotatus 21 

Theobaldia 16, 22 

Tinolestes 16, 24 

titillans,  Mansonia 25 

tortilis,  Ochlerotatus 21 

toxorhynchus,  Stegomyia 17 

Trichoprosopon 26, 27 

Trichoprosoponin.e 10, 11, 26 

trichurus,  Ochlerotatus 20 

trinidadensis,  Phoniomyia 27 

triseriatus,  Ochlerotatus 19 

trivittatus,  Ochlerotatus 18 

undosus,  Sabethoides 27 

Uranotaenia 26 

Uranot.1i:niin;1': 10, 11, 26 

urichii,  Melanoconion 23 

variegata,  Theobaldia 22 

varipalpus,  Ochlerotatus 20 

varipcs,  Janthinosoma 17 

Verrallina 15, 17 

violaceus,  Megarhinus 14 

viridifrons,  Stegomyia 17 

vittatus,  Ochlerotatus 20 

walkeri.  Anopheles 13 

walkeri,  Howardina 26 

willistoni,  Culex 23 

Wyeomyia 27 

zonatipes,  Stegomyia 17 


iiwivERSITY  OF  FLORIDA 

Illlllll 

3"l262  09229  6267 


